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No trecho do segundo parágrafo – Long-lived men were - UNIFESP 2012
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Longevity: Habits May Extend Life Only So Much
By Nicholas Bakalar
August 8, 2011
The eating, drinking and exercise habits of extremely old but healthy people differ little from those of the rest of us, a new study has found. Gerontologists at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine recruited 477 Ashkenazi Jews ages 95 to 112 who were living independently. The researchers took blood samples, did physical examinations and obtained detailed personal and medical histories from each participant. Then they compared them with 1,374 non-Hispanic white adults, ages 65 to 74, from the general population. For both men and women, consumption of alcohol, amount of physical activity and the percentage of people on low-calorie or low-salt diets were almost identical in the two groups.
Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. The oldest women were more likely to be overweight and less likely to be obese. More men among the oldest were nonsmokers, but smoking habits were not significantly different among the women.
43 that it all depends on genes, and we might as well eat, drink and be merry? No, according to the senior author, Dr. Nir Barzilai, director of the Institute for Aging Research at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. “For most of us who 44 genes for longevity,” he said, “if you follow the healthy lifestyle the medical community has put forth, you are 45 to live past 80.”
The study was published online last week in The Journal of the American Geriatrics Society.
(www.nytimes.com. Adaptado.)
No trecho do segundo parágrafo – Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight. – a palavra although pode ser substituída, sem alteração de sentido, por
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but.
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so.
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or.
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since.
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thus.
Solução
Alternativa Correta: A) but.
A resposta correta é a alternativa A ("but") porque, no contexto da frase do segundo parágrafo, a palavra "although" é utilizada para introduzir um contraste entre as duas partes da oração: "Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, although no less likely to be overweight". Nesse caso, a palavra "although" tem o papel de conectar duas ideias contrastantes: a primeira, que diz que os homens mais velhos eram menos propensos à obesidade, e a segunda, que os homens mais velhos não eram menos propensos ao sobrepeso.
A palavra "but" também pode ser usada para fazer esse contraste, funcionando de maneira semelhante ao "although", pois ambas são conjunções subordinativas que introduzem uma ideia oposta ou contrastante. Assim, substituindo "although" por "but", a frase manteria o mesmo sentido: "Long-lived men were less likely to be obese than their younger counterparts, but no less likely to be overweight."
As alternativas B, C, D e E não são adequadas, pois não têm a função de contraste que a palavra "although" exige nesse contexto. "So", "or", "since" e "thus" não expressam a ideia de contraste da mesma forma que "but". Portanto, a substituição mais apropriada e sem alteração de sentido é "but".
Institução: UNIFESP
Ano da Prova: 2012
Assuntos: Interpretação Textual em Inglês
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