Disciplina: Inglês 0 Curtidas
According to the information in the article, the science of - FGV 2014
NO HURRICANE TONIGHT
By Philip Ball
1 Isn’t it strange how we like to regard weather forecasting as a uniquely incompetent science—as though this subject of vital economic and social importance can attract only the most inept researchers, armed with bungling, bogus theories?
2 That joke, however, is becoming less funny. With Britain’s, and probably the world’s, weather becoming more variable and prone to extremes, an inaccurate forecast risks more than a wet garden party, potentially leaving us unprepared for life-threatening floods or ruined harvests.
3 Perhaps this new need to take forecasting seriously will eventually win it the respect it deserves. Part of the reason we love to highlight the disastrously misplaced reassurance from Michael Fish, the BBC’s TV weatherman, is that there has been no comparable failure since. “Earlier today,” said Fish, “apparently, a woman phoned the BBC and said she heard there was a hurricane on the way; well, if you’re watching, don’t worry – there isn’t.” Hours later, the great storm of 1987 struck. As meteorologists and applied mathematicians Ian Roulstone and John Norbury point out in their account of the maths of weather prediction, Invisible in the Storm, the five-day forecast is, at least in western Europe, now more reliable than the threeday forecast was when the 1987 storm raged. There has been a steady improvement in accuracy over this period and, popular wisdom to the contrary, prediction has long been far superior to simply assuming that tomorrow´s weather will be the same as today’s.
4 Weather forecasting is hard not in the way that fundamental physics is hard. It’s not that the ideas are so confusing, but that the basic equations are extremely tough to solve, and that hiding within them is a barrier to prediction that must defeat even the most profound mind. Weather is intrinsically unknowable more than two weeks ahead, because it is an example of a chaotic system, in which imperceptible differences in two initial states can blossom into grossly different eventual outcomes. Indeed, it was the work of the American meteorologist Edward Lorenz in the 1960s, using a set of highly simplified equations to determine patterns of atmospheric convection, that first alerted the scientific community to the notion of chaos: the inevitable divergence of all but identical initial states as they evolve over time.
5 It’s not obvious that weather should be susceptible to mathematical analysis in the first place. Wind and rain and blazing heat seem subject to caprice, and it’s no wonder they were long considered a matter of divine providence.
Adapted from Prospect, February, 2013
According to the information in the article, the science of weather forecasting
-
is in many ways harder than fundamental physics.
-
will probably never even partially solve its most basic equations.
-
must confront a number of hidden factors that make accurate weather predictions impossible.
-
must deal with a factor that, by its very nature, can act in unpredictable ways after a certain period of time.
-
is working to achieve a reasonable degree of accuracy for predictions dealing with periods of two weeks or more.
Solução
Alternativa Correta: D) must deal with a factor that, by its very nature, can act in unpredictable ways after a certain period of time.
De acordo com a informação no artigo, a ciência da previsão do tempo deve lidar com o fator que, por sua própria natureza, pode agir de maneiras imprevisíveis, após um certo período de tempo.
Resolução adaptada de: Curso Objetivo
Ajude-nos com uma doação!
Nós trabalhamos duro para manter este site e oferecer conteúdo de qualidade gratuitamente. Se você gostou do que oferecemos, por favor, considere fazer uma doação de qualquer valor através do PIX para nos ajudar a manter o site funcionando. Sua contribuição é muito valiosa para nós!
Chave PIX: contato@estudaporaqui.com.br
Recebedor: Wesley Rodrigues
Institução: FGV
Ano da Prova: 2014
Assuntos: Interpretação Textual em Inglês
Vídeo Sugerido: YouTube