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No trecho do quarto parágrafo “gender stereotypes about - UNIFESP 2019
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Why so few nurses are men
Views of nursing as a “woman’s job” have deep roots. Florence Nightingale, who established the principles of modern nursing in the 1860s, insisted that men’s “hard and horny” hands were “not fitted to touch, bathe and dress wounded limbs”. In Britain the Royal College of Nursing, the profession’s union, did not even admit men as members until 1960. Some nursing schools in America started admitting men only in 1982, after a Supreme Court ruling forced them to. Senior nurse titles such as “sister” (a ward manager) and “matron” (which in some countries is used for men as well) do not help matters. Unsurprisingly, some older people do not even know that men can be nurses too. Male nurses often encounter patients who assume they are doctors.
Another problem is that beliefs about what a nursing job entails are often outdated – in ways that may be particularly off-putting for men. In films, nurses are commonly portrayed as the helpers of heroic male doctors. In fact, nurses do most of their work independently and are the first responders to patients in crisis. To dispel myths, nurse-recruitment campaigns display nursing as a professional job with career progression, specialisms like anaesthetics, cardiology or emergency care, and use for skills related to technology, innovation and leadership. However, attracting men without playing to gender stereotypes can be tricky. “Are you man enough to be a nurse?”, the slogan of an American campaign, was involved in controversy.
Nursing is not a career many boys aspire to, or are encouraged to consider. Only two-fifths of British parents say they would be proud if their son became a nurse. Because of all this, men who go into nursing are usually already closely familiar with the job. Some are following in the career footsteps of their mothers. Others decide that the job would suit them after they see a male nurse care for a relative or they themselves get care from a male nurse when hospitalised. Although many gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled, nursing has, so far, remained unaffected.
(www.economist.com, 22.08.2018. Adaptado.)
No trecho do quarto parágrafo “gender stereotypes about jobs and caring have crumbled”, o termo sublinhado pode ser substituído, sem alteração de sentido, por
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continued.
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aggregated.
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recovered.
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strengthened.
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collapsed.
Solução
Alternativa Correta: E) collapsed.
A resposta correta é a alternativa E, pois o termo "crumbled" pode ser substituído por "collapsed" sem alterar o sentido da frase. Ambas as palavras transmitem a ideia de que os estereótipos de gênero relacionados a empregos e cuidados perderam força ou foram derrubados ao longo do tempo.
No contexto do texto, essa substituição reforça a noção de que as barreiras e preconceitos que antes mantinham uma visão rígida sobre o papel de gênero nas profissões estão se desintegrando. Contudo, a frase ressalta que, apesar dessa evolução em outras áreas, a enfermagem ainda não se beneficiou dessas mudanças culturais, continuando a ser vista como uma profissão predominantemente feminina.
Assim, tanto "crumbled" quanto "collapsed" capturam a ideia de que esses estereótipos já não são tão sólidos quanto antes, mas a frase destaca a contradição de que, enquanto muitos estereótipos estão ruindo, a percepção da enfermagem como uma profissão masculina ainda permanece estagnada.
Institução: UNIFESP
Ano da Prova: 2019
Assuntos: Interpretação Textual em Inglês
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